RESUMO
Introducción: La apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS) es una entidad frecuente, presente en un 9% a 38%, pero con un subregistro importante del 85%1. Clásicamente, se observa en hombres de edad mediana, obesos y somnolientos, relacionándose estrechamente con múltiples comorbilidades de tipo cardiovascular, respiratorio y metabólico, que genera un alto costos en los sistemas de salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la frecuencia e identificar los factores clínicos asociados a la apnea obstructiva del sueño, en la población adulta de un centro especializado de Cali, Colombia. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico de casos y controles anidado en una cohorte. Se analizaron registros de polisomnografías de primera vez en adultos con sospecha clínica de AOS en un centro especializado. A través de estadística descriptiva, se resumieron las características de la población de estudio. Las asociaciones se determinaron a través de OR, IC95% y se tomó como significante valores de p ≤ 0,05 para las pruebas estadísticas. A través de una regresión logística multivariada se identificó un modelo de 6 variables que explican de manera independiente el evento. Resultados: Se analizaron 566 polisomnografías, la prevalencia de la AOS fue 85.3% (483 de 566; IC95%82, 4-88.35%), la edad media fue 51.80 ± 13.73 años, el 50% fueron hombres. El modelo final incluyo sexo masculino (OR 4.46 IC95% 2.04-8.04, p < 0.000), hipertensión (OR 3.78 IC95% 2.48-8.04, p < 0,000), Mallampati grado IV (OR 4.14, IC95% 2.41-7.10, p < 0.000) y somnolencia excesiva (OR 5.70 IC95% 1.66-19.53, p < 0.006) y peso normal (OR 0.48 IC95% 0.24-0.97, p < 0.043). Conclusión: La probabilidad predictiva demostró que ser hombre, hipertenso con Mallampati grado IV y somnolencia excesiva, se asocian de manera independiente a la AOS, mientras que el peso normal disminuyó el riesgo
Assuntos
Humanos , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono , Polissonografia , SonolênciaRESUMO
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common entity present in 9% to 38%, but with an important underreporting of 85%. Classically, it is observed in middle-aged, obese and sleepy men, closely related to multiple comorbidities of cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic and is associated with increased mortality. Recent studies indicate that majority of people with type 2 diabetes also has OSA. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of OSA and risk factors contributing to it among people with chronic and severe type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 203 people with type 2 diabetes (mean age: 54 ± 8 years, 145 males, 58 females, HbA1c ≥ 7% [53mmol/mol] types, generating high costs of health systems.10 The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and identify the clinical factors associated with obstructive sleep apnea within the adult population of a specialized center in Cali, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Observational, analytical case-control study nested within a cohort. First-time polysomnography records were analyzed in adults with clinical suspicion of OSA in a specialized center. The characteristics of the study population were summarized through descriptive statistics. Associations were determined through OR, 95% CI and values of p ≤ 0.05 taken as significant for the statistical tests. Through multivariate logistic regression, a 6-variable model was identified, where the 6 variables independently explain the event. Results: We analyzed 566 polysomnographies, where the prevalence of OSA was 85.3% (483 of 566, 95% CI 82.4-88.35%), the mean age was 51.80 ± 13.73 years and 50% were men The final model included male gender (OR 4.46 95% CI 2.04-8.04, p <0.000), hypertension (OR 3.78 95% CI 2.48-8.04, p <0.000), Mallampati grade IV (OR 4.14, 95% CI 2.41-7.10, p <0.000) and excessive sleepiness (OR 5.70 95% CI 1.66-19.53, p <0.006) and normal weight (OR 0.48 95% CI 0.24-0.97, p <0.043). Conclusion: The predictive probability showed that being male, hypertensive with Mallampati grade IV and excessive sleepiness are associated independently with OSA, while normal weight decreased the risk
